拒绝大多数建议Reject Most Advice
Nivi： 剪掉未采用的推文中有一条是："远离那些快速致富的人。他们只是把中奖的彩票号码念给你听。"
Naval： 大多数建议都普遍如此。这要追溯到斯科特·亚当斯——要系统，不要目标。如果你问一个成功人士什么对他们管用，他们往往会把自己当初管用的那一整套原原本本念给你听，但那套东西可能并不适用于你。他们只是把中奖的彩票号码念给你听。
这有点轻率。其中确实有值得学习的东西，但你不能把他们的具体情况原样套到自己身上。我认识的最优秀的创始人会读每个人的东西、听每个人的话，但随后他们会忽略所有人，自己拿主意。
他们有自己的内在模型，知道如何把学到的东西应用到自己的处境中，而且毫不犹豫地丢弃信息。如果你问足够多的人，所有的建议会相互抵消，归零。
你必须有自己的观点。当某条建议送上门时，你必须快速判断：它是对的吗？脱离那个人的应用情境，它还成立吗？在我的情境里，它成立吗？然后，我想不想采纳它？
你必须拒绝大多数建议。但你必须听得够多、读得够多，才知道该拒绝什么、接受什么。
即使是这个播客，你也应该审视一切。如果某件事让你觉得不真实，就放下它。把它搁到一边。如果有太多东西看起来不真实，就把这个播客删掉。
建议提供的是可供日后回忆的轶事——等你有了自己的亲身经历时再想起它们
Nivi： 我觉得采纳建议最危险的地方在于，给你建议的那个人不会一直陪在身边，告诉你这条建议什么时候不再适用。
Naval： 我对建议之目的的看法和大多数人略有不同。我认为它帮助我积累轶事和格言，等我有自己的直接经验时，可以回想起来并说："啊，原来那个人是这个意思。"
我 90% 的推文都是格言，它们成为提醒我的心理钩子，让我在再次处于那种情境时想起来。
比如："哦，我就是发过那条推文的人——'如果你无法想象和一个人共事一辈子，那就连一天也不要和他共事。'"一旦我知道十年后我不会再和某人共事，我就得开始从那段关系中抽身，或者减少投入。
我用推文来压缩自己的经验教训。你的大脑空间是有限的。你的神经元是有限的。你可以把这些推文看作指针、地址、助记符，帮你记住那些有亲身经验支撑的深层原则。
如果你没有相应的亲身经验，那它读起来就像一堆语录。挺酷的。能激励你一时。也许你还会把它做成一张漂亮的海报。但之后你就忘了，继续往前走。
这些是你回忆自己知识的紧凑方式。
Nivi: One of the tweets from the cutting-room floor was: “Avoid people who got rich quickly. They’re just giving you their winning lottery ticket numbers.”
Naval: This is generally true of most advice. It goes back to Scott Adams—systems not goals. If you ask a successful person what worked for them, they often read out the exact set of things that worked for them, which might not apply to you. They’re just reading you their winning lottery ticket numbers.
It’s a little glib. There is something to be learned, but you can’t take their exact circumstance and map it onto yours. The best founders I know read and listen to everyone. But then they ignore everyone and make up their own mind.
They have their own internal model of how to apply things to their situation. And they do not hesitate to discard information. If you survey enough people, all of the advice will cancel to zero.
You have to have your own point of view. When something is sent your way, you have to quickly decide: Is it true? Is it true outside of the context of how that person applied it? Is it true in my context? And then, Do I want to apply it?
You have to reject most advice. But you have to listen to enough of it, and read enough of it, to know what to reject and what to accept.
Even in this podcast, you should examine everything. If something doesn’t feel true to you, put it down. Set it aside. If too many things seem untrue, delete this podcast.
Advice offers anecdotes to recall later, when you get your own experience
Nivi: I think the most dangerous part of taking advice is that the person who gave it to you isn’t going to be around to tell you when it doesn’t apply any more.
Naval: I view the purpose of advice a little differently than most people. I view it as helping me have anecdotes and maxims that I can recall when I have my own direct experience and say, “Ah, that’s what that person meant.”
Ninety percent of my tweets are maxims that become mental hooks to remind me when I’m in that situation again.
Like, “Oh, I’m the one who tweeted, ‘If you can’t see yourself working with someone for life, then don’t work with them for a day.’” As soon as I know I’m not going to be working with someone 10 years from now, then I have to start extricating myself from that relationship or investing less effort in it.
I use tweets to compress my own learnings. Your brain space is finite. You have finite neurons. You can think of these as pointers, addresses, mnemonics to help you remember deep-seated principles where you have the underlying experience to back it up.
If you don’t have the underlying experience, then it reads like a collection of quotes. It’s cool. It’s inspirational for a moment. Maybe you make a nice poster out of it. But then you forget it and move on.
These are compact ways for you to recall your own knowledge.