能抵达整个宇宙的解释Explanations That Reach the Entire Universe
布雷特：在《真实世界的脉络》（The Fabric of Reality）开头，戴维·多伊奇提出了这样一个观点：你不需要知道每一个具体的事实，也能从根本上理解一切可以被理解的事物。
他描绘了这样一幅图景：有四条基础理论，既有来自科学的，也有来自科学之外的——量子理论、计算理论、自然选择进化论，以及认识论（即知识论）。它们共同构成了一个世界观，或者说一副透镜，透过它可以理解一切可以被理解的事物。
纳瓦尔：我在 YouTube 上看过他一段精彩的视频，他在里面讲了同样的观点。他说："你不必记住、不必知道每一个事实，不必知道每一个粒子的运动轨迹。如果你理解了万物背后深层的理论，那么你就能在很高的层面上懂得一切是如何运转的。"而这一切，可以由一个人、一个大脑、一个人类来理解。任何人都能触及。
这是一个强大到令人瞠目结舌的想法。我们可以拥有触及整个宇宙的解释。有趣的是，相对论并不在这四条理论之列。
布雷特：多伊奇认为量子理论比相对论更为深刻。这并不是说我们要否定相对论，而是他猜想，量子理论将比相对论更具基础性。多元宇宙会有一个时空，而多元宇宙正是戴维对量子理论的解释。这就是相对论没有出现在其中的原因。
大多数物理学家预计，有朝一日量子理论与相对论将走向统一。
Brett: At the beginning of The Fabric of Reality, David Deutsch presents this idea that you don’t need to know every single fact to fundamentally understand everything that can be understood.
He presents this vision that there are four fundamental theories from science and outside science: quantum theory, the theory of computation, evolution by natural selection, and epistemology—which is the theory of knowledge. Together they form the worldview, or lens, through which you can understand anything that can be understood.
Naval: I saw a beautiful video with him on YouTube where he was making the same points. He said, “You don’t have to memorize and know every fact. You don’t have to know where every particle moved. If you understand the deep underlying theories behind everything, then you know at a high level how everything works.” And this can all be understood by a single person, a single brain, a single human being. It’s accessible to anybody.
That is a jaw-droppingly powerful idea. We can have explanations that can reach the entire universe. It’s interesting that the theory of relativity is not in the list of four theories.
Brett: Deutsch regards quantum theory as being deeper than the theory of relativity. It’s not to say that we’re dismissing relativity, but his guess is that quantum theory will be more foundational than the theory of relativity. There’ll be a space-time of the multiverse, and the multiverse is David’s explanation of quantum theory. That’s why relativity doesn’t appear among them.
At some point most physicists expect that we’re going to have a unification of quantum theory and the theory of relativity.