我们正处于无穷知识的开端We’re at the Beginning of an Infinity of Knowledge
Brett:《无穷的开始》(The Beginning of Infinity) 的不同之处在于,你得到的是一个世界观。你得到的不是物理学家关于如何理解量子理论的标准观点,不是哲学家关于如何理解知识的标准观点,当然也不是数学家关于如何理解数学的标准观点。
多伊奇在这些领域都是专家。
Naval:这个世界观的核心是什么?
Brett:多伊奇的世界观是:现实是可以理解的;问题是可以解决的,或者用他写的词——"可解的"。这是一种深深理性的乐观主义世界观,相信好的科学解释和进步。
只要拥有这些好的解释,进步就是不可避免的。好的解释有巨大的影响力,它们是创造性的行为。
人类是问题解决者,能解决所有问题。一切罪与恶都源于知识的匮乏。人们可以乐观地看待持续不断的进步。这正是书名的含义:我们正处于一段无限进步序列的开端。
这是一种非常乐观的观点。它表明我们在宇宙中如在家园,宇宙是我们可供学习和开发利用的资源;物质财富是一组我们可以施加影响的物理转化;一切未被物理定律禁止的事物,终将通过知识与知识创造而成为可能。
他还写道,人类是普遍的阐释者:任何可以被认知和理解的事物,都能被人类借助人类系统的计算能力所认知和理解。
一切都能为人类所认知。我们正处于无限知识的开端。
我们用好的解释来理解事物,并不断用更好的理论取代旧理论。看不到终点,也不存在完美。每一种理论最终都可能被证伪并得到改进。
我们正走在通往能做一切未被物理定律禁止之事的路上。
Brett: The difference with The Beginning of Infinity is you’re getting a worldview. You’re not getting the standard take from physicists about how to understand quantum theory. You’re not getting the standard take of how to understand knowledge from philosophers. And you’re certainly not getting the standard take of how to understand mathematics from mathematicians.
Deutsch is an expert in all these areas.
Naval: What’s at the core of the worldview?
Brett: Deutsch’s worldview is that reality is comprehensible. Problems are solvable, or “soluble,” as he writes. It’s a deeply rationally optimistic worldview that believes in good scientific explanations and progress.
Progress is inevitable as long as we have these good explanations. Good explanations have tremendous reach. They are acts of creativity.
Humans are problem solvers and can solve all problems. All sins and evil are due to a lack of knowledge. One can be optimistic about constant progress. That’s what the title refers to: We’re at the beginning of an infinite series of progress.
It’s a very optimistic take. It states that we are at home in the universe and the universe is ours as a resource to learn about and exploit; that material wealth is a set of physical transformations that we can affect; that everything that is not forbidden by the laws of physics is eventually possible through knowledge and knowledge creation.
He also writes about how humans are universal explainers, that anything that can be known and understood can be known and understood by human beings in the computation power of a human system.
Everything is knowable by humans. We’re at the beginning of an infinity of knowledge.
We understand things using good explanations and constantly replace old theories with better ones. There’s no endpoint in sight. There’s no perfection. Every theory can be falsified eventually and improved.
We are on our way to being able to do everything that is not forbidden by the laws of physics.